Basics Of Programming

Basics of Programming Language is a free engineering handbook covering important course topics, notes, diagrams, equations, formulas and study materials. Download this digital book and reference guide for Diploma, BE, BTech, BCA, BSc, MCA and degree courses.

Learn 127 topics across 5 chapters, including compilers, syntax, semantics, parsing, data types, functions, abstraction and concurrency. Useful for quick revision, exams and interviews.

RELATED ENGINEERING BRANCHES
Computer Science Engineering (CSE), Information Technology (IT), Computer Engineering, Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence and Data Science.

119 LISTED TOPICS FROM 127

LANGUAGES, COMPILERS & SYNTAX
1. Abstract Machines
2. The Interpreter
3. Low-level and High-level languages
4. Example of an Abstract Machine
5. Describe a Programming Language
6. Grammar and Syntax
7. Introduction to syntax and semantics
8. Problem of Describing Syntax
9. Methods of Describing Syntax
10. Extended BNF
11. Attribute Grammars
12. Attribute Grammars Defined
13. Examples of Attribute Grammars
14. Computing Attribute Values
15. Dynamic Semantics
16. Axiomatic Semantics
17. Principles of language design
18. Programming paradigm
19. History of programming languages
20. Language design
21. Design goals of programming languages
22. Compilers
23. Virtual machines and interpreters
24. Chomsky Hierarchy

TYPES & PARSING
25. Elementary data types
26. Integer operations
27. Overflow operation
28. Enumeration types
29. Character type
30. Boolean type
31. Subtypes
32. Derived types
33. Expressions
34. Assignment statements
35. Introduction to lexical and semantic analysis
36. Lexical Analysis
37. Parsing Problem
38. Top-Down parsing
39. Bottom-Up Parsing
40. Complexity of Parsing
41. LL Grammar Class
42. Parsing Problem for Bottom-Up Parsers
43. Shift-Reduce Algorithms
44. LR Parsers

POINTERS & EXPRESSIONS
45. Data type
46. Primitive Data Types
47. Character String Types
48. Implementation of Character String Types
49. Array Types
50. Array Categories
51. Slices
52. Implementation of Array Types
53. Associative Arrays
54. Record Types
55. Tuple Types
56. List Types
57. Union Types
58. Pointer and Reference Types
59. Pointer Problems
60. Pointers in C and C
61. Reference Types
62. Implementation of Pointer and Reference Types
63. Heap Management
64. Type Checking
65. Strong Typing
66. Expressions
67. Arithmetic Expressions
68. Operator Evaluation Order
69. Associativity
70. Parentheses
71. Operand Evaluation Order
72. Referential Transparency
73. Overloaded Operators
74. Type Conversions
75. Coercion in Expressions
76. Explicit Type Conversion
77. Relational and Boolean Expressions
78. Short-Circuit Evaluation
79. Assignment statements

SUBPROGRAMS & ABSTRACTION
80. Fundamentals of Subprograms
81. Procedures and Functions in subprograms
82. Design Issues for Subprograms
83. Local Referencing Environments
84. Parameter-Passing Methods
85. Implementation Models of Parameter Passing
86. Implementing Parameter-Passing Methods
87. Type Checking Parameters
88. Parameters That Are Subprograms
89. Calling Subprograms Indirectly
90. Overloaded Subprograms
91. Generic Subprograms
92. Generic Functions in C
93. Generic Methods in Java 5.0
94. Design Issues for Functions
95. User-Defined Overloaded Operators
96. Closures
97. Coroutines
98. The Concept of Abstraction
99. Data Abstraction
100. Design Issues for Abstract Data Types
101. Abstract Data Types in Ada
102. Abstract Data Types in C
103. Abstract Data Types in C#
104. Parameterized Abstract Data Types
105. Parameterized Abstract Data Types in C

ENCAPSULATION & CONCURRENCY
106. Encapsulation in C
107. Encapsulation in C
108. Concurrency
109. Categories of Concurrency
110. Subprogram-Level Concurrency
111. Flow diagram of task states
112. Semaphores
113. Cooperation Synchronization
114. Competition Synchronization
115. Monitors
116. Message Passing
117. Ada Support for Concurrency
118. Java Threads

Recent changes:
✨ **What’s New**
• Added Premium Purchase option for an enhanced, ad-free experience.
• Improved app stability and performance.
• Fixed minor bugs and improved overall user experience.
• General improvements and optimizations.